News from around the World

January 2006

Contents

Fire Hazards in Industry by Norman Thomson, Safety Training and Development Manager, Vocational Training Services, Scotland
Work-life balance: new research evidence on the links with management practices and productivity
OSH UPDATE keeps everyone informed and healthily and safe
Does Health and Safety pay? HSE Better Business shows how to save thousands with better health and safety
Book: Still going wrong? Case histories of process plant disasters and how they could have been avoided, by Trevor Kletz
Book: Safety at Work
Environment and Waste Plus
US NIOSH Nanotechnology expertise highlighted in ISO Technical Committee Meeting
Get ready for future - OSH Challenges and emerging Risks: European Agency for Safety and Health at work Risk Observatory survey
Fire, Emergency and Preparedness Worldwide - information at your fingertips

Fire Hazards in Industry by Norman Thomson, Safety Training and Development Manager, Vocational Training Services, Scotland

Significant loss to business occurs through fires in the workplace. Whether large or small, fire causes personal suffering, damage to plant, equipment and buildings, and loss of business.

Fire legislation has changed over the past few years, especially with the introduction of European Directives. New regulations mean that employers have to carry out fire risk assessment and then, as a result of their findings, put in place control measures to prevent loss of life.

Fire Hazards in Industry although written in 2001 has been designed to cover, in general terms, exactly what is required of employers. It is written in simple language and considers the basics of good fire safety management. After reading Fire Hazards in Industry, any employer, safety professional or fire safety officer should be able to install a system for carrying out fire risk assessment.

In addition to sections relating to the legal aspects of fire prevention, the book explains the concepts of fire modelling, explosions and combustion reactions. There is also a section relating to common industry fire hazards and hazards associated with electrical equipment. Knowledge of all these topics would be required if a person were to attempt to carry out fire risk assessment.

Throughout the book, past case histories are used to illustrate certain aspects of fire and the causes of fire. The cases used have all been published by the Health and Safety Executive as a result of their investigations. These include; Abbeystead, Frodingham steelworks, HMS Glasgow, BP Grangemouth and many more.

This book will be equally relevant to motor manufacturing as it is to the chemical industry. There are many case studies included that deal with fire hazards that are found in general industry. Fire Hazards in Industry is suitable for those who have relatively limited experience in fire safety and therefore use it as part of their career and educational development, but also can be used as reference material for those experienced professionals who have fire safety included in their day to day responsibility.

The book covers: Introduction; Fire Safety Legislation; Fire Risk Assessment; Management of Fire Risks; Wilful Fire-raising and Control; The Combustion Process; Flammability; Common Causes of Fire; Fires Involving Electrical Equipment; Gas Explosions; Dust Explosions; Liquefied Petroleum Gas; Oxidising Agents; Other Combustion Reactions; Human Factors; Conclusions

Primary market: Health and Safety Managers, Safety Advisers and Practitioners in industry. Students taking NEBOSH Diploma Parts 1 & 2 courses. Secondary market: Fire Safety professionals, Fire Safety Officers taking promotional exams, or attending courses at The National Fire Service College or Local Authority Fire Brigade training centres. Students on MSc Health & Students on MSc Health & Safety courses studying Safety Technology.

Work-life balance: new research evidence on the links with management practices and productivity

Companies that are bigger, more globalised and better managed provide a better work-life balance for their employees, according to new research Work-Life Balance, Management Practices and Productivity by Nick Bloom, Tobias Kretschmer and John Van Reenen.

What's more, tough product market competition improves management practices but without any detrimental impact on work-life balance. At the same time, the researchers find no evidence that firms with good practices on work-life balance - shorter hours, flexible working, family-friendly policies, etc. - have higher productivity.

The study uses an innovative survey tool on over 700 manufacturing firms in France, Germany, the UK and the United States to ask questions about management practices and work-life balance. It finds that:

Well-managed firms do not work 'harder' but 'smarter' - employees in well-run firms typically have a better work-life balance.
In particular, management practices associated with good 'people management' - such as fostering talent, rewarding and retaining well performing staff and consistent training opportunities - are likely to be found in conjunction with good work-life balance practices - family-friendly policies, flexible working, shorter hours, more holidays, childcare subsidies, etc.
In well-managed firms, the hours worked by both managerial and non-managerial staff are not significantly higher than those in badly run firms. This again confirms the finding that working smarter not harder is the key determinant to successful management.
The share of women in management relative to non-management is significantly higher in firms with better work-life balance. In other words, the 'glass ceiling' does not seem to exist nearly as strongly in firms that treat their employees well.

The researchers describe two opposing views on the effects and efficacy of good practices on work-life balance - the pessimistic 'Chirac' view and the optimistic 'win-win' view:

The view associated with the French president is that 'Anglo-Saxon neo-liberalism', encapsulated by tougher product market competition and globalisation has undesirable consequences. Although these forces raise productivity, they come at the expense of misery for workers in the form of long hours, job insecurity and intense and unsatisfying work.
The win-win view (espoused by the present UK government) argues that better work-life balance will improve productivity and employers are mistakenly failing to treat their workers as assets and implement better work-life balance practices.

This study finds evidence for a hybrid view between these two polar extremes:

The evidence does not support the Chirac view: there is, in fact, a positive association between management and work-life balance. Similarly, the view that competition and globalisation are bad for work-life balance is not supported: there is no relationship between tougher competition and work-life balance. And larger firms - which are typically more globalised - also have better work-life balance practices.
But the win-win view that better work-life balance will improve productivity is also rejected: there is no relationship between productivity and work-life balance once good management is accounted for.
Instead, well-managed firms can choose to introduce better work-life balance practices or not. If they do introduce them, this neither penalises them in terms of productivity nor does it significantly reward them.

Dr Nick Bloom comments:

'Based on these results, it simply is not true that globalisation is such a disaster for employees. Employees in larger, more globalised firms seem to be much better off in terms of their working lives than those in smaller, more national firms.'

'This conclusion suggests that improving work-life balance is socially desirable - workers obviously like it and firm productivity does not suffer. For firms, this will be worth weighing up more seriously. Most of the best-run firms in our sample treated their employees very well.'

Professor John Van Reenen adds:

'But we also need to be cautious before inferring that the results give a carte blanche for governments to regulate for better work-life balance.'

'Good work-life balance seems to be something that well-run firms in competitive markets do naturally. They need to treat their employees well to keep them - if not, their competitors will hire them away. Government policies on work-life balance should take this into account.'

Further information

'Work-Life Balance, Management Practices and Productivity' by Nick Bloom, Tobias Kretschmer and John Van Reenen was published on 10 January 2006 by the Centre for Economic Performance (CEP).

The research is financially supported by the Anglo-German Foundation, the Economic and Social Research Council and the Advanced Institute for Management Research.

For further information: contact Nick Bloom on 07775-862671, 0207-955-7286 or 0207-955-7284 | Email: n.bloom@lse.ac.uk; t.kretschmer@lse.ac.uk; j.vanreenen@lse.ac.uk | http://cep.lse.ac.uk/_new/news/topic.asp?topic=management#271

OSH UPDATE keeps everyone informed and healthily and safe

Keeping up-to-date in worldwide occupational health, safety, hygiene, road safety, water safety, environment trends and the latest information can be time consuming. Do budget constraints not allow you to buy all the latest journals, newsletters and documents that contain the latest information? Can't afford the time to search for the latest information, legislation and standards? No staff to search for this information? And no time yourself to spend hours searching for information?

Then do what many organisations and individuals have done recently and take out a subscription to OSH UPDATE!

This newly launched, very affordable Internet based service OSH UPDATE, from Sheila Pantry Associates Ltd is the answer for you. Powered by Head Software International's Headfast/Discovery Internet publishing software, OSH UPDATE containing over 538,000 references is now available and is updated monthly see www.oshupdate.com

OSH UPDATE records has links to the full text where possible - this is all done for you!

It currently contains ten bibliographic databases from worldwide authoritative sources:

UK legislation database - links all the references dated from 1987 direct to the full text - i.e. majority of content of this database
UK Health and Safety Executive HSELINE - we have added over 1700 full text links to HSE's own documents
UK Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA)
Publications from the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work we have made all the references link direct to full text
NIOSHTICS US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), strong on full text links - to their own documents and also to some journals
Canada Ryerson University RILOSH
CISDOC the International Labour Office CIS Health and Safety Centre database has many full text links especially to ILO documents and in the last couple of years
ILO Recommendations, Protocols and Conventions has all links to the full text
European Union legislation has links to full text for the majority of the references
OSH standards specifications including those from the British Standards Institution.

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Does Health and Safety pay? HSE Better Business shows how to save thousands with better health and safety

Besides the possible legal costs involved in a work-related accident, it's the hidden ones of covering absences, recruitment, training and production losses that really swallow a company's profits. But thanks to a few cost-effective health and safety steps your business can benefit from substantial savings. Here are some ways in which you can save yourself some money:

reduce reported injuries
reduce minor injuries
reduce receruitment costs
reduct absenteeism
reduce downtime
reduce insurance claims and premiums
reduce injuries related to hours worked

Good health and safety in the workplace is good business.

Interested? Do you want to reduce your costs in 2006? To find out more go to www.hse.gov.uk/business

Book: Still going wrong? Case histories of process plant disasters and how they could have been avoided, by Trevor Kletz

A million-dollar seller, Kletz's classic, "What Went Wrong?" has revolutionized the way industry views safety. The sequel to it is Still going wrong? Case histories of process plant disasters and how they could have been avoided, by Trevor Kletz

This volume, continues the practices and wisdom of the original.

Contents include: Forethoughts, 1 Maintenance, 2 Entry into confined spaces, 3 Changes to processes and plants, 4 Changes in organization, 5 Changing procedures instead of designs, 6 Materials of construction (including insulation) and corrosion, 7 Operating methods, 8 Explosions, 9 Poor communication, 10 I didn't know that..., 11 Control, 12 Leaks, 13 Reactions - planned and unplanned, 14 Both design and operations could have been better, 15 Accidents in other industries, 16 Accident investigation - Missed opportunities. After thoughts

Trevor Kletz offers advice to the reader on how to use the book... Starting with read it right through first, then ask if each incident could occur in your plant, and if so write down what you intend to do to prevent if from happening ! There are other suggestions such as using the book to train new employees - at all levels... Read it for yourself - it is very thought-provoking and of course shows the wealth of knowledge and experience of Trevor Kletz.

Still going wrong? Case histories of process plant disasters and how they could have been avoided, by Trevor Kletz. Issued by Gulf Publishing - an Imprint of Elsevier | ISBN 0750677090 | 256 pages | Further readings listed and extensive index: www.gulfpub.com/default.asp?page=14&productID=2795

Book: Safety at Work

Edited by John Ridley, BSc, CEng, MIMechE, FIOSH, DMS, Independent Consultant, U.K. Formerly Chief Safety Engineer, Reed International.
John Channing, MSc (Safety), MSc (Chemistry), FIOSH, RSP, Formerly Manager Health, Safety and Environment, Kodak Manufacturing. Director, Pharos Consultancy Services Limited, UK

Safety at Work is widely accepted as the authoritative guide to safety and health in the workplace and covers all aspects of safety management. The sixth edition has been revised to cover recent changes to UK practice and standards in health, safety, employment and environmental legislation. It also incorporates EU directives and references to harmonised and international standards. Reflecting the importance of the roles of directors and managers in health and safety, new chapters cover the management of risk, emphasising the need for a sound organisational structure to achieve effective risk management.

Developments in the behavioural approach to risk management and current thinking on the development of an international standard on safety management are also covered. Quality of the environment is rapidly becoming part of the safety manager's responsibilities both in the workplace and in the context of global pollution. A completely new part consisting of five chapters has been added dealing solely with environmental issues (including ISO 14001). The increasingly important role of ergonomics in health and safety is reflected in a new chapter on Applied Ergonomics, dealing with the subject pragmatically, that will allow the manager and practitioner to design process and operations that are within the limits of the human body. The effects of stress, an emerging concern in health and safety, are covered in various chapters.

Audience

Students on university first degrees/diplomas as well as post-graduate qualifications in occupational health and safety subjects, and for students of the NEBOSH and IOSH qualifications and NVQs in occupational health and safety practice. Health and Safety Practitioners, Health and Safety Executive inspectors and Environmental Health Officers.

Foreword. Preface to sixth edition. Preface to first edition. List of contributors.

Part 1 - Law: Explaining the law (by Brenda Watts). Principal health and safety Acts (by S. Simpson). Influences on health and safety (by J. R. Ridley). Law of contract (by R. W. Hodgin). Employment law (by R. D. Miskin, updated by Amanda Jones). Consumer protection (by R. G. Lawson). Insurance cover and compensation (by A. West). Civil liability (by E. J. Skellett).

Part 2 -The management of risk: An introduction to risk management (by C. E. Channing). Principles of the management of risk (by L. Bamber). Risk management: organisation and administration for safety (by J. E. Channing). Risk management: techniques and practices (by L. Bamber). The collection and use of accident and incident data (by Dr A. J. Boyle). Practical safety management: systems and techniques (by J. E. Channing). The individual and safety (by Andrew Hale). Risk management and behaviour modification (by J. E. Channing).

Part 3 - Occupational health and hygiene: The structure and functions of the human body (by Dr T. Coates) Occupational diseases (by Dr A. R. L. Clark). Occupational hygiene (by Dr C. Hartley). Radiation (by Dr A. D. Wrixon, updated by Peter Shaw and Dr M. Maslanyj). Noise and vibration (by R. W. Smith). Workplace pollution, heat and ventilation (by F. S. Gill). Lighting (by E. G. Hooper, updated by Jonathan David). Managing ergonomics (by Nick Cook). Applied ergonomics (by J. R. Ridley).

Part 4 - Workplace safety: Science in engineering safety (by J. R. Ridley). Fire precautions (by Ray Chalklen). Safe use of machinery (by J. R. Ridley). Electricity (by E. G. Hooper, revised by Chris Buck). Statutory examination of plant and equipment (by J. McMullen, updated by J. E. Caddick). Safety on construction sites (by R. Hudson). Managing chemicals safely (by John Adamson).

Part 5 - The environment: The environment: issues, concepts and strategies (by J. E. Channing). Environmental management systems (by J. E. Channing). Waste management (by Samantha Moss). Chemicals and the environment (by J. L. Adamson). The environment at large (by G. N. Batts).

Appendices: The Institution of Occupational Safety and Health. Reading for Part I of the NEBOSH Diploma examination. List of abbreviations. Organisations providing safety information. List of Statutes, Regulations and Orders. List of Cases. Index.

Safety at Work edited by John Ridley, BSc, CEng, MIMechE, FIOSH, DMS, Independent Consultant, U.K. Formerly Chief Safety Engineer, Reed International.
John Channing, MSc (Safety), MSc (Chemistry), FIOSH, RSP, Formerly Manager Health, Safety and Environment, Kodak Manufacturing. Director, Pharos Consultancy Services Limited, UK
Hardbound, ISBN: 0-7506-5493-7, 1096 pages, Butterworth Heinemann - imprint of Elsevier

www.elsevierdirect.com

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US NIOSH Nanotechnology expertise highlighted in ISO Technical Committee Meeting

The US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) international leadership in research on the occupational health and safety implications of nanotechnology was highlighted on Nov. 9-11, 2005, at the inaugural meeting of the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) Technical Committee on Nanotechnologies. The meeting was an early step in a process to develop international standards for global consistency in all aspects of nanotechnology. NIOSH's roles in the meeting reflected a vigorous U.S. involvement in the process:

Vladimir Murashov, a senior scientist in the NIOSH Director's Office, was part of a 13-member U.S. delegation led by Dr. E. Clayton Teague, Director of the National Nanotechnology Coordination Office (NNCO), and Chair of the U.S. Technical Advisory Group for nanotechnology. Dr. Murashov was the only member of the delegation who specifically represented occupational health issues.
NIOSH's Web-based document Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology is under consideration by the U.S. Technical Advisory Group for submission to the ISO Technical Committee as a potential basis for the committee's development of an ISO Technical Report on occupational health issues.

More information on the international meeting is available from the ISO at: www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref980

Additional information on the NIOSH nanotechnology research program, and on opportunities for stakeholder participation, is available at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/nanotech

Get ready for future - OSH Challenges and emerging Risks: European Agency for Safety and Health at work Risk Observatory survey

Changes in society, work organisation and production methods are leading to new types and new combinations of occupational risks which demand new solutions, concludes a recent survey that was carried out among a panel of over 60 safety and health experts in fourteen European countries and the US. The results have now been published in a report by the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work.

The report looks into emerging physical risks, i.e. risks which are both new (or changing) and increasing.

'The world of work is changing rapidly and work-related health issues are changing too', explains Hans-Horst Konkolewsky, the Agency's Director. 'Our report sheds new light on these changes by defining top ten emerging physical risks and major trends behind them. With this knowledge EU policymakers and governments will be better equipped to review current prevention measures.'

The top emerging risks include lack of physical activity, the impact on workers of increasing complexity of new technologies, and a greater vulnerability of low-status workers, e.g. to thermal risks. A new underlying trend is also visible: work health and safety is increasingly affected by multifactoral issues. In places like call centres, for instance, staff can be exposed to a combination of interacting risks, such as prolonged sitting at desks poorly adjusted to their personal needs, background noise, inadequate headsets, low job control, high time pressure, high mental and emotional demands. This, in turn, may lead to a combination of health problems, ranging from musculoskeletal disorders, varicose veins, nose and throat diseases and voice disorders to fatigue, stress and burnout.

'The report clearly indicates that multifactoral and combined risks are a growing concern', concludes Hans-Horst Konkolewsky. 'The resulting message for policymakers and health and safety experts is that we can no longer treat individual risks separately. What we need is a holistic approach to risk prevention.'

This publication is the first report of a risk observatory set up by the European Agency to monitor emerging risks (http://riskobservatory.osha.europa.eu/). Apart from emerging risks, this on-line observatory currently offers thematic sections on noise exposure and hearing loss, and a review of OSH monitoring systems. More information will follow, including forecasts on emerging human, social and organisational risks, on chemical and biological risks, and thematic sections on accidents, stress and occupational diseases, with focus on specific sectors and groups of workers.

European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, Gran Via 33, E-48009 Bilbao, Spain | Email: information@osha.eu.int | Fax: +34 94 479 4383

Fire, Emergency and Preparedness Worldwide - information at your fingertips

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